Use of Nitrous Oxide for Pediatric Dental Patients

Abstract

The goal of this best practice is to provide dental professionals with recommendations on the safe and effective use of nitrous oxide/oxygen (N₂O/O₂) analgesia/anxiolysis for treating children. Recommendations for use of nitrous oxide/oxygen address goals, general considerations, indications, and contraindications of this inhalation method of analgesia/anxiolysis management. Factors to consider before using N₂O/O₂ for pediatric patient treatment include: the patient’s physical and emotional development, medical and dental histories, and dental treatment needed; alternative behavior guidance options; credentials and training of the dentist and other dental personnel; equipment and facilities; administration techniques and monitoring of use; potential adverse effects and outcomes; and occupational safety. Documentation of its use is discussed. Judicious use of N₂O/O₂ can provide a safe and effective method of controlling anxiety associated with dental treatment in children, adolescents, and persons with special health care needs.

This document was developed through a collaborative effort of the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry Councils on Clinical Affairs and Scientific Affairs to offer updated information and recommendations for dental professionals regarding development of safe practices in using N₂O/O₂ analgesia/anxiolysis for pediatric dental patients.

^{KEYWORDS: CHILD, ADOLESCENT, ANALGESIA, ANXIETY, ANTI-ANXIETY, HEALTH CARE DELIVERY, OXYGEN, NITROUS OXIDE}