Use of Antibiotic Therapy for Pediatric Dental Patients

Abstract

This best practice provides clinicians with guidance in the appropriate use of antibiotics to treat oral infections in children. When correctly prescribed and administered, antibiotics can be effective in the treatment of oral bacterial infections. Antibiotic stewardship is important given the rise in antibiotic-resistant microorganisms and potential for adverse drug reactions. This document addresses the following clinical conditions: oral wounds, pulpitis/apical periodontitis/draining sinus tract/localized intraoral swelling, acute facial swelling of dental origin, dental trauma, periodontal diseases, and salivary gland infections and offers guidance on the judicious use of antibiotics in their management. Antibiotics are not indicated in the management of conditions of viral origin. Potential interactions between antibiotics and oral contraceptives are addressed. Health care providers must be prudent in their prescribing practices to maximize effectiveness and minimize bacterial resistance and adverse reactions.

This document was developed through a collaborative effort of the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry Councils on Clinical Affairs and Scientific Affairs to offer updated information and guidance on the use of antibiotic therapy for pediatric dental patients.

^{KEYWORDS:   ANTIBIOTICS, ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE, DENTAL INFECTION CONTROL, BACTERIAL INFECTIONS}